Office of POG, Georgia  

Corruption in Georgia

In the last two years Georgia has made important steps for reforming its public administration. Central government underwent a radical restructuring; the number of civil servants was drastically reduced. For example, the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MIA) reduced the police force from 40,000 to 14,000, paying much higher salaries and demanding higher standards. Other areas of civil service, such as Ministries of Education or Economy, have also drastically reduced their staff numbers, and increased the salaries, at least at management level. During 2004-2005, about 40,000 jobs in the public sector were cut, allowing for a substantial increase in the remuneration of the remaining civil servants.

Newly employed civil servants were engaged through open competition based on the results of tests organised by their respective institutions. These measures allowed for a major increase in salaries for the reduced members but better qualified new staff. Internal controls were developed in individual institutions through the establishment of General Inspections. These measures had increased the prestige of the civil service and provided powerful incentives to maintain integrity among civil servants and improved the image of the new public service as a whole.

An example of this was the campaign to reform the traffic police is the largest and one of the most successful experiments that Georgia had undertaken. The new Patrol Police service, that is built on the principles of professionalism, honesty, openness and public visibility, has proved to be highly popular and helped to reduce corruption and improved the public image of the Police service in general, as reported by recent surveys by international organizations, such as Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation, and United Nations Mission of Observers in Georgia.

Georgia has made significant steps to liberalise its business environment. Most of the implemented measures focused on reduction of taxes, licensing regimes, permits and registrations; introduction of one-stop shops, abolition of customs duties; in some cases disbanding whole structures which were perceived as corrupt. The administrative burden on businesses and economic incentives for corruption were thereby effectively reduced. The World Bank has also recognized Georgia as being amongst 10 top performing reformist States, according to its "Doing Business" ranking.

Today, the fight against corruption is one of the key issues on the agenda of the Georgian government. At present, there is political will along with effective mechanisms to fight against this perilous phenomenon. Measures taken so far by state authorities represent the clear manifestation of our commitment to promote the rule of law and ensure final eradication of corruption. Reforms undertaken further affirm the determination of the government in this regard and significantly contribute to the elimination of favourable conditions for corruption and ensure prompt, independent and impartial investigation of corruption related criminal cases. The increase of salaries, improvement of working conditions, constant liberalisation of legislation have created an effective and coordinated environment for the fight against corruption in all government structures.

The Government chose an approach of integrating anti-corruption provisions into the overall reform process. While the Anti-corruption Strategy and Action Plan were adopted, the Government does not intend to continue with the development of a stand-along anti-corruption policy in the short-term. Instead, it is foreseen that reform strategies for various sectors should include anti-corruption provisions; such strategies are still to be developed. To implement this integrated approach, a separate Anti-Corruption Bureau was abandoned, instead, the co-ordination of anti-corruption policy was first transferred to the National Security Council, and then it was moved to the office of the Minister for Reform Co-ordination, who is responsible for all reforms in the implementation of the anti-corruption policy.

 

Mr. Kakha Koberidze
Deputy Prosecutor General
Office of the Prosecutor General of Georgia